As teenagers, we are constantly exposed to advertisements featuring skincare products leading to dramatic transformations, of acne-ridden skin turning glowing and immaculate. We are led to believe that the only way to achieve clear skin is through an expensive fifteen-step skincare routine. In reality, for growing teenagers, this approach can be counterproductive, since many of these products are not dermatologist-recommended and chemicals can be harsh on skin. If you focus on just a few essential products while prioritizing your health, you can effectively achieve glowing, healthy skin.
The most important step to building a skincare routine is learning more about your skin and its needs. The American Academy of Dermatology recognizes five types of skin: normal, dry, oily, combination, and sensitive skin.
One popular method identified by the Academy is the “watch and wait method.” Cleanse your skin with a gentle cleanser, pat it dry, and observe it after 30 minutes. Shiny skin means oily; flat, rough means dry; shine around your T-zone, the central part of your face, means combination; and hydrated and not dry and oily is normal.
After identifying your skin type, it’s time to create your routine. All you need is a few core products: a cleanser, toner, moisturizer, and sunscreen.
Cleansers are liquid products that remove sweat and dirt from your skin. There are many types of cleansers, including but not limited to gel, foam, cream, and oil cleansers. If you are someone who applies makeup regularly, you might require a strong oil-based cleanser, while if you are someone with sensitive skin, you might instead reach for a gentle foaming cleanser. Research what cleansers are best suited for your skin type and needs.
Toners are lightweight liquids with many different uses. According to The Ordinary, toners not only remove the dirt left behind after cleansing, but also provide specific skincare benefits, including exfoliation, hydration, barrier support, and more. Toners are categorized as hydrating, exfoliating, and balancing. If you have especially dry skin, you should select a hydrating toner, while those with acne-prone or oily skin need exfoliating toners. Toners contain a variety of chemicals that may not be effective on every person’s skin. When trying toners, limit yourself to one at a time and apply it for a few weeks before judging if you want to add it to your routine.
During the winter, when the air is dry, it is especially crucial to pick a moisturizer that properly hydrates and protects your skin. Moisturizers do not appear as distinct as other skincare products, but each products’ ingredients will affect you differently depending on your skin type. It is important to remember that moisturizer is essential even if you have oily skin, or if your skin doesn’t feel dry, as it doesn’t only hydrate your skin but improves the health of your skin and reduces signs of aging, according to Benson Dermatology.
Finally, wearing sunscreen daily is essential regardless of the weather. It not only protects your skin from sunburn but also reduces the risk of skin cancer and premature aging, according to Johns Hopkins Medicine. There are two main types of sunscreen: mineral and chemical. Mineral sunscreens have a heavier texture to create a physical barrier, while chemical sunscreens are lighter and use a chemical reaction to prevent UV damage, according to the Cleveland Institute of Health. Choose a sunscreen of your preferred type and SPF (Sun Protection Factor), depending on the amount of heat exposure you have daily. I personally prefer chemical sunscreens, since mineral sunscreens tend to leave a white cast that is especially noticeable on darker skin.
In addition to using these core products, remember that managing your stress, getting enough sleep, and staying hydrated play important roles in how clear your skin looks and feels. In addition, we all have different genetics, and some of us may be predisposed to specific serious skin conditions. If that’s the case, never self-medicate with products; always consult a dermatologist for advice. After taking the time to understand your skin’s needs, buying the right products, and following healthy habits, achieving clear and healthy skin becomes realistic and doable.
